Gastroenterology is the most prominent journal in the field of gastrointestinal disease. As the flagship journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, Gastroenterology delivers authoritative coverage of clinical, translational, and basic studies of all aspects of the digestive system, including the liver and pancreas, as well as nutrition. Regular features include original research studies by leading authorities and comprehensive reviews and perspectives on important topics relating to adult and pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology.

In addition to peer-reviewed research articles, the journal includes features such as editorials, correspondence, and commentaries; and special sections such as "Mentoring, Education and Training Corner," "Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in GI," "Gastro Digest," "Gastro Curbside Consult" and "Gastro Grand Rounds." Gastroenterology also provides digital media materials such as videos and "GI Rapid Reel" animations.