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Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals (PEPP)

By: Publication details: MA Jones & Bartlett Learning 2021Edition: 4th EditionDescription: 490 pagesISBN:
  • 9781284194579
Subject(s): NLM classification:
  • WS 205
Contents:
Chapter 1 Pediatric Assessment 1 Introduction 2 Summary of Assessment Flowchart 2 Scene Size-Up 3 The Pediatric Assessment Triangle 3 Primary Assessment 11 Primary Assessment: The Transport Decision: Stay or Go? 19 Summary of Primary Assessment 19 Secondary Assessment: History Taking 20 Physical Examination 21 Additional Monitoring Devices 26 Ongoing Reassessment 26 Summary 27 Chapter 2 Using a Developmental Approach 31 Introduction 31 Pediatric Calls and Response From Family and Providers 32 Communication With the Child and Family or Caregiver 33 Vital Signs Through the Ages 33 Anatomic Changes 35 Summary of Changes in Vital Signs and Anatomy Through Childhood 37 Infants 37 Assessment of the Infant 38 Toddlers 39 Assessment of the Toddler 40 Preschoolers 40 Assessment of the Preschooler 41 School-Aged Children 41 Assessment of the School-Aged Child 42 Adolescents 42 Assessment of the Adolescent 43 Children With Special Health Care Needs 43 Assessment of a CSHCN 44 Tips for the EMS Provider 45 Summary 45 Chapter 3 Respiratory Emergencies 49 Introduction 49 Respiratory Distress and Failure 50 Prearrival Preparation 51 Scene Size-Up 51 General Assessment: The PAT 51 Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 52 General Noninvasive Treatment 54 Summary of General and Initial Respiratory Assessment and General Noninvasive Treatment 56 Specific Treatment for Respiratory Distress 56 Summary of Specific Treatment for Respiratory Distress 65 Management of Acute Respiratory Distress: CPAP 66 Management of Respiratory Failure 66 Summary of Management of Respiratory Failure 70 Primary Assessment: The Transport Decision-Stay or Go? 70 Additional Assessment 71 Chapter 4 Shock 75 Introduction 75 Prearrival Preparation 76 Scene Size-Up 76 General Assessment: The Pediatric Assessment Triangle 76 Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 77 Additional Assessment 79 Summary of Cardiovascular Assessment 80 Using the Assessment to Identify Shock 80 Hypovolemic Shock 81 Distributive Shock 82 Cardiogenic Shock 83 Obstructive Shock 85 General Noninvasive Treatment of Suspected Shock of All Types 85 Specific Treatment of Hypovolemia 86 Treatment of Septic Shock 87 Specific Treatment of Hypotensive (Decompensated) Distributive Shock 88 Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock 88 Primary Assessment: Transport Decision 89 Summary of Shock States 89 Chapter 5 Resuscitation and Dysrhythmias 93 Introduction 94 Prearrival Preparation 94 Scene Size-Up 94 General Assessment: The PAT 94 Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 95 Additional Assessment 96 Summary of Cardiovascular Assessment 96 Dysrhythmias 97 Summary of Dysrhythmias 102 Cardiac Arrest 102 Presenting Cardiac Arrest Rhythm and Treatment 103 Summary of Cardiac Arrest 107 Congenital Heart Disease 107 Drowning 108 Chapter 6 Medical Emergencies 111 Introduction 111 Medication Dosing 112 Seizures 113 Assessment and Treatment of the Actively Seizing Child 116 Assessment of the Postictal Child 119 Summary of Seizures 120 Altered Mental Status (AMS) 120 Diabetes Mellitus 123 Hypoglycemia 123 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia 124 Cortisol Deficiency 125 Panhypopituitarism 125 Summary of Altered Mental Status and Endocrine Disorders 126 Fever 126 Summary of Fever 127 Nausea, Vomiting, and Diarrhea (Gastroenteritis) 128 Sepsis and Meningitis 129 Heat-Related Emergencies 130 Summary of Heat-Related Emergencies 131 Cold-Related Emergencies 132 Summary of Cold-Related Emergencies 133 Bites and Stings 133 Summary of Bites and Stings 134 Chapter 7 Trauma 137 Introduction 137 Fatal Injury Mechanisms 138 Unique Anatomic Features of Children: Effect on Injury Patterns 138 Mechanism of Injury: Effect on Injury Patterns 142 Assessment of the Injured Child 143 The General Assessment 144 The Primary Assessment 145 Summary of Primary Assessment 152 Special Airway Considerations in Pediatric Trauma 152 The Primary Assessment 153 Additional Assessment 153 Summary of Additional Assessment 154 Spinal Motion Restriction and Splinting for Transport 154 Pediatric Burn Patients 155 Summary of Burns 158 Chapter 8 Toxic Emergencies 161 Introduction 161 Age-Related Differences 161 Summary of Age-Related Differences 163 Prearrival Preparation and Scene Size-Up 164 Role of the Poison Center 165 Assessment of the Child with a Possible Toxic Exposure 165 Summary of Assessment of the Child With a Possible Toxic Exposure 170 Toxicologic Management 170 Organophosphates 174 Summary of Toxicologic Management 174 Medicolegal Issues 174 Chapter 9 Behavioral Emergencies 179 Introduction 179 Common Pediatric Psychiatric and Behavioral Conditions 180 Suicide Attempt/Intentional Ingestions or Exposures 185 Adverse Reactions of Psychiatric Medications 186 Assessment and Transport of the Child with a Behavioral Emergency 187 Chapter 10 Children with Special Health Care Needs 193 Introduction 193 Cognitive and Physical Disabilities 194 Assessment of CSHCN 195 Summary of Assessment of CSHCN 198 Transport 198 Summary of Transport 199 Children Assisted by Technology 199 Summary of Children Assisted by Technology 208 The Medical Home for CSHCN 209 Additional EMS Considerations for CSHCN 209 Chapter 11 Child Maltreatment 213 Introduction 213 Background, Cost, and Definition 213 Definition of Child Maltreatment 214 High-Risk Groups 215 Duties and Communication by the Prehospital Professional 216 Communicating With the Child and Caregivers 218 Patient Assessment 218 Summary of Duties, Communication, and Assessment in Suspected Maltreatment 223 Legislation, Principles, and Protocols 223 Pediatric Human Trafficking 225 Chapter 12 Emergency Delivery and Newborn Stabilization 233 Introduction 233 Obstetric Delivery in the Prehospital Setting 234 Complications During Pregnancy 234 Triage of a Patient in Labor 236 Summary of Triage of Patient in Labor 239 Preparation for Delivery 240 Performing the Delivery 242 Summary of Vaginal Delivery 245 Immediate Care of the Newborn 246 General Principles of Newborn Resuscitation 248 Specific Newborn Complications 251 Summary of Resuscitation of the Newborn 254 Transport Considerations 254 Summary 255 Chapter 13 Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Death of a Child 259 Introduction 259 Definition of SUID 259 SUID Epidemiology 260 Common Clinical Presentation of SUID 260 Actions in Suspected SUID 261 Summary of SUID 263 Definition of Brief Resolved Unexplained Event 264 Common Clinical Presentation of BRUE 264 Actions in Suspected BRUE 264 Summary of BRUE 265 Responses to an Infant Death 265 Critical incident Stress 267 Chapter 14 Children in Disasters 271 Children in Disasters 271 What Is a Disaster? 272 Roles of the Prehospital Professional in a Disaster 273 Pediatric Response Considerations 274 Vulnerable Pediatric Physiologic and Psychologic Characteristics in Disasters 280 Effects of Chemical, Biologic, Radiation, Nuclear, and Explosive Disasters on Children 281 Summary 287 Chapter 15 Medicolegal and Ethical Considerations 291 Introduction 291 Consent 291 Summary of Consent 295 Confidentiality 295 Respect for Cultural or Religious Differences 295 Patient Rights and Advocacy 296 End-of-Life Issues 296 Pediatric Policies and Procedures 301 Medical Control for Pediatrics 302 Summary of Rationale for Protocols, Policies, and Procedures 303 Chapter 16 Transportation Considerations 307 Pediatric Transport 307 How to Begin Transport 308 Taking Caregivers in the Ambulance 309 Child Restraint Systems in Ambulances 310 Transport Mode 315 Transport Destination 315 Multiple Patients 315 Summary of Transport Mode and Multiple Patients 315 Chapter 17 Making a Difference 319 Introduction 319 Emergency Medical Services for Children 320 Summary of EMSC 320 Public Health Interface 322 Prevention and Injury Control 322 Summary of Prevention and Injury Control 325 The Medical Home 325 Summary of the Medical Home 326 Quality and Safety in EMSC 326 Data and Information Management 328 Summary of Quality, Safety, Data Collection, and Information Management 329 Prevention: The Prehospital Professional's Role 329 Summary of Roles in Prevention 331 Call to Action: Advocacy for EMSC 331 Procedures 335 1 Field Reporting 336 2 Length-Based Resuscitation Tapes 340 3 Oxygen Delivery 342 4 Suctioning 347 5 Airway Adjuncts 353 6 Foreign Body Obstruction 356 7 Bronchodilator Therapy 360 8 Bag-Mask Ventilation 363 9 Pulse Oximetry 367 10 Orogastric and Nasogastric Tube Insertion 369 11 Endotracheal Intubation 373 12 Confirmation of Endotracheal Intubation and End-Tidal Capnography 383 13 Advanced Airway Techniques 389 14 Intramuscular Injections 398 15 Intranasal Medication Administration 402 16 Intravenous Access 405 17 Intraosseous Needle Insertion 409 18 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 415 19 AED and Defibrillation 420 20 Endotracheal Tube Drug Instillation 425 21 Rectal Administration of Benzodiazepines 427 22 Spinal Motion Restriction 430 23 Needle Thoracostomy 435 24 Removing and Replacing a Tracheostomy Tube 437 25 Tourniquet Application 441 Medication Formulary 445 Glossary 459 Index 473
List(s) this item appears in: Paramedic ปฏิบัติการฉุกเฉินการเเพทย์ (update2023)
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Holdings
Item type Current library Call number Status Date due Barcode Item holds
General Book General Book Kuakarun Nursing Library WS 205 A471 2021 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) Available 0000045405
Total holds: 0

Chapter 1 Pediatric Assessment 1

Introduction 2

Summary of Assessment Flowchart 2

Scene Size-Up 3

The Pediatric Assessment Triangle 3

Primary Assessment 11

Primary Assessment: The Transport Decision: Stay or Go? 19

Summary of Primary Assessment 19

Secondary Assessment: History Taking 20

Physical Examination 21

Additional Monitoring Devices 26

Ongoing Reassessment 26

Summary 27

Chapter 2 Using a Developmental Approach 31

Introduction 31

Pediatric Calls and Response From Family and Providers 32

Communication With the Child and Family or Caregiver 33

Vital Signs Through the Ages 33

Anatomic Changes 35

Summary of Changes in Vital Signs and Anatomy Through Childhood 37

Infants 37

Assessment of the Infant 38

Toddlers 39

Assessment of the Toddler 40

Preschoolers 40

Assessment of the Preschooler 41

School-Aged Children 41

Assessment of the School-Aged Child 42

Adolescents 42

Assessment of the Adolescent 43

Children With Special Health Care Needs 43

Assessment of a CSHCN 44

Tips for the EMS Provider 45

Summary 45

Chapter 3 Respiratory Emergencies 49

Introduction 49

Respiratory Distress and Failure 50

Prearrival Preparation 51

Scene Size-Up 51

General Assessment: The PAT 51

Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 52

General Noninvasive Treatment 54

Summary of General and Initial Respiratory Assessment and General Noninvasive Treatment 56

Specific Treatment for Respiratory Distress 56

Summary of Specific Treatment for Respiratory Distress 65

Management of Acute Respiratory Distress: CPAP 66

Management of Respiratory Failure 66

Summary of Management of Respiratory Failure 70

Primary Assessment: The Transport Decision-Stay or Go? 70

Additional Assessment 71

Chapter 4 Shock 75

Introduction 75

Prearrival Preparation 76

Scene Size-Up 76

General Assessment: The Pediatric Assessment Triangle 76

Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 77

Additional Assessment 79

Summary of Cardiovascular Assessment 80

Using the Assessment to Identify Shock 80

Hypovolemic Shock 81

Distributive Shock 82

Cardiogenic Shock 83

Obstructive Shock 85

General Noninvasive Treatment of Suspected Shock of All Types 85

Specific Treatment of Hypovolemia 86

Treatment of Septic Shock 87

Specific Treatment of Hypotensive (Decompensated) Distributive Shock 88

Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock 88

Primary Assessment: Transport Decision 89

Summary of Shock States 89

Chapter 5 Resuscitation and Dysrhythmias 93

Introduction 94

Prearrival Preparation 94

Scene Size-Up 94

General Assessment: The PAT 94

Primary Assessment: The ABCDEs 95

Additional Assessment 96

Summary of Cardiovascular Assessment 96

Dysrhythmias 97

Summary of Dysrhythmias 102

Cardiac Arrest 102

Presenting Cardiac Arrest Rhythm and Treatment 103

Summary of Cardiac Arrest 107

Congenital Heart Disease 107

Drowning 108

Chapter 6 Medical Emergencies 111

Introduction 111

Medication Dosing 112

Seizures 113

Assessment and Treatment of the Actively Seizing Child 116

Assessment of the Postictal Child 119

Summary of Seizures 120

Altered Mental Status (AMS) 120

Diabetes Mellitus 123

Hypoglycemia 123

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia 124

Cortisol Deficiency 125

Panhypopituitarism 125

Summary of Altered Mental Status and Endocrine Disorders 126

Fever 126

Summary of Fever 127

Nausea, Vomiting, and Diarrhea (Gastroenteritis) 128

Sepsis and Meningitis 129

Heat-Related Emergencies 130

Summary of Heat-Related Emergencies 131

Cold-Related Emergencies 132

Summary of Cold-Related Emergencies 133

Bites and Stings 133

Summary of Bites and Stings 134

Chapter 7 Trauma 137

Introduction 137

Fatal Injury Mechanisms 138

Unique Anatomic Features of Children: Effect on Injury Patterns 138

Mechanism of Injury: Effect on Injury Patterns 142

Assessment of the Injured Child 143

The General Assessment 144

The Primary Assessment 145

Summary of Primary Assessment 152

Special Airway Considerations in Pediatric Trauma 152

The Primary Assessment 153

Additional Assessment 153

Summary of Additional Assessment 154

Spinal Motion Restriction and Splinting for Transport 154

Pediatric Burn Patients 155

Summary of Burns 158

Chapter 8 Toxic Emergencies 161

Introduction 161

Age-Related Differences 161

Summary of Age-Related Differences 163

Prearrival Preparation and Scene Size-Up 164

Role of the Poison Center 165

Assessment of the Child with a Possible Toxic Exposure 165

Summary of Assessment of the Child With a Possible Toxic Exposure 170

Toxicologic Management 170

Organophosphates 174

Summary of Toxicologic Management 174

Medicolegal Issues 174

Chapter 9 Behavioral Emergencies 179

Introduction 179

Common Pediatric Psychiatric and Behavioral Conditions 180

Suicide Attempt/Intentional Ingestions or Exposures 185

Adverse Reactions of Psychiatric Medications 186

Assessment and Transport of the Child with a Behavioral Emergency 187

Chapter 10 Children with Special Health Care Needs 193

Introduction 193

Cognitive and Physical Disabilities 194

Assessment of CSHCN 195

Summary of Assessment of CSHCN 198

Transport 198

Summary of Transport 199

Children Assisted by Technology 199

Summary of Children Assisted by Technology 208

The Medical Home for CSHCN 209

Additional EMS Considerations for CSHCN 209

Chapter 11 Child Maltreatment 213

Introduction 213

Background, Cost, and Definition 213

Definition of Child Maltreatment 214

High-Risk Groups 215

Duties and Communication by the Prehospital Professional 216

Communicating With the Child and Caregivers 218

Patient Assessment 218

Summary of Duties, Communication, and Assessment in Suspected Maltreatment 223

Legislation, Principles, and Protocols 223

Pediatric Human Trafficking 225

Chapter 12 Emergency Delivery and Newborn Stabilization 233

Introduction 233

Obstetric Delivery in the Prehospital Setting 234

Complications During Pregnancy 234

Triage of a Patient in Labor 236

Summary of Triage of Patient in Labor 239

Preparation for Delivery 240

Performing the Delivery 242

Summary of Vaginal Delivery 245

Immediate Care of the Newborn 246

General Principles of Newborn Resuscitation 248

Specific Newborn Complications 251

Summary of Resuscitation of the Newborn 254

Transport Considerations 254

Summary 255

Chapter 13 Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Death of a Child 259

Introduction 259

Definition of SUID 259

SUID Epidemiology 260

Common Clinical Presentation of SUID 260

Actions in Suspected SUID 261

Summary of SUID 263

Definition of Brief Resolved Unexplained Event 264

Common Clinical Presentation of BRUE 264

Actions in Suspected BRUE 264

Summary of BRUE 265

Responses to an Infant Death 265

Critical incident Stress 267

Chapter 14 Children in Disasters 271

Children in Disasters 271

What Is a Disaster? 272

Roles of the Prehospital Professional in a Disaster 273

Pediatric Response Considerations 274

Vulnerable Pediatric Physiologic and Psychologic Characteristics in Disasters 280

Effects of Chemical, Biologic, Radiation, Nuclear, and Explosive Disasters on Children 281

Summary 287

Chapter 15 Medicolegal and Ethical Considerations 291

Introduction 291

Consent 291

Summary of Consent 295

Confidentiality 295

Respect for Cultural or Religious Differences 295

Patient Rights and Advocacy 296

End-of-Life Issues 296

Pediatric Policies and Procedures 301

Medical Control for Pediatrics 302

Summary of Rationale for Protocols, Policies, and Procedures 303

Chapter 16 Transportation Considerations 307

Pediatric Transport 307

How to Begin Transport 308

Taking Caregivers in the Ambulance 309

Child Restraint Systems in Ambulances 310

Transport Mode 315

Transport Destination 315

Multiple Patients 315

Summary of Transport Mode and Multiple Patients 315

Chapter 17 Making a Difference 319

Introduction 319

Emergency Medical Services for Children 320

Summary of EMSC 320

Public Health Interface 322

Prevention and Injury Control 322

Summary of Prevention and Injury Control 325

The Medical Home 325

Summary of the Medical Home 326

Quality and Safety in EMSC 326

Data and Information Management 328

Summary of Quality, Safety, Data Collection, and Information Management 329

Prevention: The Prehospital Professional's Role 329

Summary of Roles in Prevention 331

Call to Action: Advocacy for EMSC 331

Procedures 335

1 Field Reporting 336

2 Length-Based Resuscitation Tapes 340

3 Oxygen Delivery 342

4 Suctioning 347

5 Airway Adjuncts 353

6 Foreign Body Obstruction 356

7 Bronchodilator Therapy 360

8 Bag-Mask Ventilation 363

9 Pulse Oximetry 367

10 Orogastric and Nasogastric Tube Insertion 369

11 Endotracheal Intubation 373

12 Confirmation of Endotracheal Intubation and End-Tidal Capnography 383

13 Advanced Airway Techniques 389

14 Intramuscular Injections 398

15 Intranasal Medication Administration 402

16 Intravenous Access 405

17 Intraosseous Needle Insertion 409

18 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 415

19 AED and Defibrillation 420

20 Endotracheal Tube Drug Instillation 425

21 Rectal Administration of Benzodiazepines 427

22 Spinal Motion Restriction 430

23 Needle Thoracostomy 435

24 Removing and Replacing a Tracheostomy Tube 437

25 Tourniquet Application 441

Medication Formulary 445

Glossary 459

Index 473

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